[Comment] Women's health is precision medicine's unfinished business—reframing for global impact

AI Summary

This commentary highlights the persistent gender bias in precision medicine, where male biology is treated as the default. It argues for incorporating sex-based approaches in diagnostics and treatment to improve health outcomes and equity for women globally.

Recent scientific discoveries reveal that the biology of health and disease differs substantially between men and women.1 However, clinical care, research infrastructure, and investment models continue to treat male biology as the default, leading women to experience delayed diagnoses, less effective treatments, more side-effects, and poorer quality of life compared with men.2 One way to address this inequity is through precision medicine: a sex-based approach to diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics for diseases that are different, disproportionate, or distinct in women.